Solid observations from KmH. A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used. This image comes from registering secondary electrons. This type of imagery is good for looking at the topography of the sample.
The image is of a soil sample (I do not have much information of the sample). The white hot spots represent that the crystal consist of several "phases", meaning different atoms or compounds.
Electron microscopy can, to some extent, be used for quantitative measurements.