The technical superiority of Nikon over Canon is largely because Canon continues to use old, outdated sensor fabrication technology which uses a .50 micron process, while Sony has updated its sensor fabrication to the simply, newer, BETTER .18 micron process. The sensors made on newer fabrication machinery are simply of a newer, better technology. It's a simple differenmce. Here, take a look at Fred Miranda's side-by-side testing of the Nikon D800 and the Canon 5D Mark III, using the same, exact Zeiss lens on both cameras, by way of a lens adapter.
Part II - Controlled tests
This shows the difference between Sony's new sensor technology, and the older technology that Canon is using. The way I see it, a camera company can either procure better sensors, like Nikon has done, or continue to use older sensor technology in order to keep profits higher. A company can either make better cameras, or try to make higher profits by selling the same old stuff, generation after generation, and refusing to spend the money needed to update its sensor fab technology. It's a choice. It's a lot like a computer manufacture resisting the moves to newer, faster, better processor hardware architecture. At some point in time, the companies that DO MOVE to newer, better semiconductor industry manufacturing techniques start to pull ahead.