Sunny 16 just points you to good exposure on a sunny day. For overcast you may have a stop or two, even three, less light.
Your meter should work for auto-exposure just fine, once you set that compensation back to zero.
As for magic numbers, there aren't any. it's like ANY situation: do you want high or low depth of field? Is there motion going on you need to freeze? Those factors determine whether aperture or shutter speed is your priority. Once there, you can use A or S mode and let the camera meter the shot.
The fact that it's cloudy has NOTHING to do with what is correct. If you want shallow depth of field, use a large aperture (low f-number.) If you need to freeze something moving, use a fast shutter speed. If the camera can't get you a good exposure with the settings you want in those situations, then adjust the ISO as needed.