Welcome to the forum. I love the Canadian Rockies...you'll have a great visit.
This is a photography forum...so most of us here are pretty focused on gear...and of course, good gear costs plenty of money. We also tend to look down on the cheaper gear (like your lenses).
Since you have twice mentioned that you don't have a lot of money to spend....I would suggest that you just use the lenses you have. The 18-55mm tends to get a rather bad reputation...but I'd say that it's at least as good or better than the lens that is on 99% of point & shoot style cameras...which means that you have a pretty decent lens. And for thing like landscapes (when you shoot on a tripod), it's not a bad lens at all.
As mentioned, a UV filter is all but useless. Digital camera have UV filters built-in...so the only reason people use them is as physical protection for the front of the lens. A bit of overkill if you ask me.
A Polarizing filter, on the other hand, is an invaluable too when shooting landscapes. Not only does it affect color, but it can control how you photograph reflections. So as an example, when shooting a mountain lake, a polarizing filter can let you see more of the rocky bottom of the clear lake...or it can let you see more of the reflection on the still water. I would definitely recommend that you get a circular polarizer for you 18-55mm lens. If it fits your long lens, that's good too...but you might not want to use it when shooting wildlife etc. because it will block some light and cause longer shutter speeds.
I would highly recommend a tripod. The main reason that people don't like the 18-55mm lens, is that it doesn't have a very large maximum aperture (F3.5 to F5.6)....and it's not at it's best at that maximum aperture. But, when you use that lens at an aperture of F8 to F11, it's much better. Of course, that will require a longer shutter speed or higher ISO. (and we usually want to avoid higher ISO because of the digital noise)....but when you use a tripod, you don't really have to worry about slower shutter speeds, so you are free to use smaller apertures and thus longer shutter speeds. And by doing this, you can get pretty good quality out of that 'cheap' lens.
While a mono-pod or walking stick is better than shooting hand held...it is not a replacement for a tripod.
Besides...good images are made by good photographers, more than by good gear.
And as mentioned, it may be easier to buy a tripod when you get here, rather than try to fly with one. But if it fits into your checked baggage, then it might be OK.
In regards to Polariser filters, Im now even more confussed... there are so many and Im not quite sure which one I should get.... can you make sucggestion for me, remembering that I am unable to spend a great deal of money ( max 160 AUD, or roughly 170 USD )
Like anything, you usually get what you pay for...but you probably don't need the best quality here. I'd suggest that something in the $40 to $80 price range will be just fine for you. Basically...just avoid the lowest priced ones, as they are likely crap.