So, lets NOT talk about lens protection because it may make this thread 40 pages long.:lmao:
UV filter, of course it is a used for filtering UV light. So you can use it in place that there is a lot of UV light. (Mountains, Sea ...) It will reduce haziness or fogginess. So far, I do not see too much different with or without it maybe because I have not been to a place that has a lot of UV light.
Also, if the place where you are going is very bright, a neutral density filter or the circular polarizer may also help.
As for the hood. It will help on reduce glare when a very bright element is close to the field of view such as the sun is just outside the frame. So it depends on the situation and where the bright objects is. For example, if the bright object is behind you, the hood has no effect on your image.