I am relatively new to this whole Dslr thing and i just purchased a sony a300. Well in my search for new accessories for my camera i have run into a question. How much difference is there between a cheap filter and a really expensive one? For instance i saw a circular polarizer and nuetral density filter at circuit city for only $15 each and then i have seen some online that cost a few hundred dollars. I am wondering what is the difference between these filters? I am by no means a pro photographer i just do it as a hobby on the weekends. So would it be better for me to go with the cheapies so i can have a bigger variety of filters or should i spend the extra $40-50 for the better know named filters?
The main difference are structural, glass quality and coatings.
Structural. The cheapest have plastic mounting. Worthless. Better have metal, usually aluminum. The best have brass. I have yet to ever have a brass filter get stuck on a lens.
Glass. The cheapest use plastic or glass. Better have optical plastic or glass. The best have either best have seriously high quality optical glass or Resin filters.
Coatings. The cheapest have minimal coating. Better have some some coating. Often on one side. The best are high quality complete multi coated filters.
Filters are a very subjective thing. I own a high quality 4X4 UV/Haze filter when shooting in the mountains or high altitudes. (I do not use filters for lens protection. That is a much debated topic whether filters are good protection or not and at what cost and you should research those threads and decide for yourself.)
http://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/product/251636-REG/Schneider_68124144_4x4_UV_410_Glass_Filter.html
I own a couple of very high quality Polarizing filters and step down rings so they can cover my entire lens range. My preference is for Kaeseman polarizers. They are expensive, but they do the job.
http://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/product/95042-REG/B_W_65016520_77_mm_Kaeseman_Circular.html
I own a set of 3, 4X4 Neutral Density filters a set of 3 4X6 soft graduated Neutral Density filters and a set of 3 4X6 hard Neutral Density filters. None were cheap but the fit every lens I own.
The thing with buying a filter to remember is that you are putting another piece of glass in front of your lens. You have to balance quality of the filter with cost.