DB_Cro
No longer a newbie, moving up!
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a previous commenter (Derrel) said "Yes, the Canon EF-S line of lenses is pretty much useless on anything except a Canon APS-C body." I think I misunderstood him. So I do have the APS-C sensor in mine. Where is the incompatibility? Or is it just that if I were to ever get a full frame camera, the lenses would function differently?
Not differently, they'd be unusable at the beginning of the range (huge black circle on the image) if you can mount them at all, and most you
can't (the literally can't be attached.)
DB - thanks! that's super helpful!!! didn't realize some of the D lettered camera models were still crop body. I'm sure I would never need a camera nicer than the 7D! like you said, it's a beast. Probably quite good, even for an amateur photographer who does some portrait sessions here and there, right?
All of them have a "D" in their names.

The Rebel line, or, better labeled in EU as the 3 digit models (500D, 550D, 600D, 650D...) are entry level crop models, all of them.
The 2 digit models are better, let's call them semi-pro crop bodies, the current one is 70D.
And then there's the single digit ones which can be full frame (1Ds in various generations and the current 1DX, 5D, 6D), 1.3x crop
(1D mark2,3,4.. without the "s") and 1.6x crop, which is the top of the line 7D and newer 7D mark II.
Since you're not aware of the differences and what your needs will be in a few years, it's hard to tell if you'd be better off with a 6D or 7D.
6D's image quality is significantly better then any of the crop models, even the top of the line 7D-2.
6D will produce usable images at ISO 10.000, and the 7D will start falling apart at 3200, much like your T3i.
That's just it. What do you need? 7D focuses faster, has a lot more focusing points, works amazing for action, fast moving subjects (kids apply!)
sports etc. Crop sensor is a bonus for sports since it turns your 200mm lens into a 300mm+ = more reach etc. However, going from a T3i to a
7D m2 will result in such a small improvement regarding image quality that you'd probably think you're doing something wrong. It would help
you to capture the image faster/easier, but won't give a significantly better image. 6D would.
How about something in-between?
70D is exactly in the midle re: features and speed between your T3i and a 7D markII and costs just a bit more then what you paid for a T3i.
But then there's new Rebel models..

Both 70D and 7D markII use the same 20mpix sensor, and there's a newer 24mpix sensor available in T6i and T6s.

Better image quality, but not as good at high ISO as 70D/7d markII. Bare in mind these high ISO differences between
all the crop body Canons mentioned are very small. Nikon has been kicking Canon's ass in this department for years now.
Anyways, the reason I jumped in here is that I notice a lot of people not being aware of the crop vs FF differences and end up
buying a 24-70 and then don't understand why can't they zoom out more, and the PRO photographer who usually recommends
this lens forgets about the 1.6x crop since he's been shooting full frame for years probably.
Bottom line, 17-55 Canon is 95% perfomance of the 24-70 Canon and better suited to the crop body.
If you insist on 24-70 (which is what I'd pick if I was going to upgrade to FF soon), you'll likely be in the market for another lens,
the ultra wide stuff like the 10-20 sigma f/3.5 that's also great.
Thinking about it, you might even buy the 10-20 sigma and the 17-50 sigma for the price of 17-55 canon alone.
Something to think about.