It appears that the Bogen is the only one that has a reversible center column (that might not matter to you, but it lets you get a lot closer to the ground), but I don't like the head it comes with. That gigantic handle sticking out looks like it would get in the way.
Either of the Sliks look like they'd be fine. The 340DX is shorter (by 10 inches) than the 700DX when folded. If you're going to be carrying it around a lot that might be a factor to consider.
The 700DX has the tallest max height (might not matter to you). I generally try not to raise the center column (it's less stable with it up), the 700DX doesn't give a spec for max height without center column extended...
So, out of those three - my favorite is the 340DX. It wins because it has a lower minimum height than the 700DX (my personal preference, I shoot low more than high), and it's more compact when folded.
I would not even consider the Bogen, only because I don't like the head it comes with. With a different head it would win.
Just because
I would pick the 340DX doesn't mean it would be the best for you... I think you'll be fine with any of them. (But that is a pretty ugly head on the Bogen...)
-edit-
I just noticed that one of your original questions hasn't been answered yet...
The difference between a ball head and a pan/tilt head is this: A ball head can move in every direction all at once, a pan/tilt head only moves one direction at a time. Lots of people love the ball heads, but I prefer the pan/tilt heads. My take on it is that ball heads would be great for stuff that moves around a lot, pan/tilt is more precise in it's adjustments (you're only moving on one axis at a time), but slower.