I figured I'd offer my opinion on this:
No matter what camera you get, the learning is up to you. You could get a digital camera, get instant feedback and not learn from it. You could get a film camera, wait for your roll to come back, and not learn from that either. I started off with a digital camera, and for the first few months I randomly shot everything I could, barely paying attention to my exposure settings, the surrounding light, metering, etc. I gave up for about a month or so since I could never get the right shots.
One day I randomly thought of my camera, and how much money I'm putting to waste by not using it... and decided to learn photography. That was the same day I started my Project 365 (a photo a day for a year)... I forced myself to learn because I wanted a good shot to show off everyday. That was also the same day that I started paying attention to my settings, metering, getting to know the quirks of my camera... etc. Personally, I think that learning photography is all about understanding how you ended up with the photo you're viewing. Why is the photo blurry? Why are the skies blown out? Why am I losing details in shadows? You gotta understand why by taking photos.
To be honest, I don't think instant feedback helps you learn, and neither does waiting for a negative. You've got to make yourself learn; you could have instant feedback and not care about it... or wait a week for a roll of negatives and not care about it.
I'm almost done my 365 now (I'm technically supposed to be done, started nov 10th, but had a few hiatuses here and there!), I'd like to think I understand why and how I get the shots I get and more importantly, how to improve them.

Film or digital is up to you. To be honest, I find film a little more appealing to me. The dynamic range (in some films) and natural colour can't be beat... and the feel of a film photo is something that can't be truly replicated in digital (at least in my opinion).