If your camera had a DOF preview, that would show you in your viewfinder. If it does not, this calculator might help: http://www.dofmaster.com/dofjs.html
ie, on this picture, the lens is at f/11. that means that on the focusing ring, you can see 1 and 2 are between the two 11's meaning between 1 meter and 2 will be in focus. I dont know if that comes on the modern auto focus lens anymore, but its on all of my manual ones....
If you have a chart for your camera/lens, it should tell you the DOF. From your point of focus, the DOF will extend 1/3 back toward you and 2\3 past the point of focus.