if your new to PP, i can honestly say that LightRoom will be your friend.. I've been using photoshop for YEARS, so I know it inside and out.. but lightroom is so easy to use, and with little to no "know how" in regards to PP you can really make a photo spectacular... i might suggest to you to mess around with the settings under "develop" in LR.. if you do something you dont like, just hit edit undo.. you cant ruin your photos... and soon enough, you will start to notice what things you really like adjustment wise.. like for me I LOVE the clarity tool and the saturation tool in LR.. i like to boost up the clarity (cause it sometimes adds more deffination to a photo) its not for every photo, but its a great tool.. and I'm a sucker for saturation.. I love especially when its skateboarding shots (of which I do a lot) to just bump the saturation down a touch, it gives some cool effects.
in regards to the night shots.. yea, they are really hard without a tripod... and i totally understand that as a firefighter you dont have time to lug around a tripod.. but it will really make a HUGE difference in your night shots... as for the reflectors... if your using an external flash, you could try fancing your flash away from the guys, it will give you a little less of the brightness on the reflectors.. and if your using a built in flash, maybe even a bounce card could help some.