These lenses were designed for plate or sheet-film cameras that shot pretty large images, in the 4x5 inch to probably 5x7 inch range, more or less. Here's a verbal listing from what I can see from your photos:
Top lens is a Voigtlander 24 cm (240mm) f/4.5, in the Heliar design, in barrel, apparently no shutter, followed by a Carl Zeiss Jena 21cm (210mm) f/4.5 Tessar; following that is mother Zeiss--note the specification engraving data listed in millimeters and not in centimeters,usually indicative of later manufacture; the last is the black-finished Carl Zeiss Jena 15cm (150mm) f/4.5 Tessar, which looks like it might have a simple shutter, and it's on some type of small lensboard. Ther LAST lens is a Hugo Meyer & Company-Goerlitz 21cm (210mm) f/5.5 Goerlitz , and the model is probably referred to as the Doppel, or Doppel Anastigmat.
The brass lenses would be what I call "in barrel", meaning they are just a lens and diaphragm, in the barrel, and do not have a shutter mechanism added to them, and they are not on a lens mounting board. In barrel and "in shutter" are the common old terms for view and plate camera lenses, to describe to buyers what they are buying--is it JUST a lens and its iris diaphragm, OR does it have a shutter? Or, last, is it a lens, with a shutter mechanism, and attached to a lens board for a particular brand or style of camera?
I would most definitely NOT clean these. Do NOT polish the barrels. Leave them as they are. Use the verbals I gave you to do web or e-Bay searches. Be aware that the lens aperture was usually listed first, before the focal length, in the old days of European lens-making, and is STILL used today by Zeiss, as in 1 : 4.5/ 21 cm; many people swap those to the focal length first, like 21cm f/4.5. Note the old way used a 1, a color, then the aperture number, so...searching one way or the other might be better. Note that I used the modern f/ and lens nomenclature. This might easily be the difference between getting search hits or search misses.