It's posterization caused by excessively adjusting the images in post processing. There's an acceptable degree of adjustment where tones and colors and values are not stretched too far--and if you go beyond that degree of manipulation, you'll get posterization. Shooting in-camera JPEG is the worst, since the files out of the camera can not stand up to a high degree of adjustment; RAW captures, done in either 12-bit or 14-bit RAW have a significantly greater amount of post-processing adjustment that can be applied before posterization begins.