1. Consider looking into postmodern art, which concludes that all questions have been asked already - and there isn't anything original in the world. Taking a cue from the postmodern philosopher Richard Rorty, the only way to create something new is to misinterpret that which has already been answered.
2. What kind of future do you think is inevitable? Maybe you see some doomsday environmental disaster scenario or perhaps a utopian future free of war, misery and greed. If you don't think much will change 20 years down the road then maybe images of the most mundane variety - or conceptualize with repeating images.
3. This shouldn't be difficult at all, the conceptual problem is that once you have succeeded the subject is no longer ugly. I think a more interesting approach is to look more at the relative nature of aesthetics than trying to do exactly as the assignment requires. Consider photographing things like garbage dumps, gutters, aleys - but to excel at this assignment, you'll need to address the issue that the subject isn't ugly if it's made beautiful. Consider taking several angles, first aiming for beauty, then aiming for as ugly as possible, present the two together but make sure that they are both recognizably the same - try to create tension between the two photographs and force the audience to question their own sense of aesthetics.
4. Only you can answer this, but think about when you are most content. Do you like being alone or with others? Don't think about the "world" so much in terms of political ideologies but rather you're own personal world and what makes you happiest.
5. Again, consider a postmodern approach to this - or make a photograph depicting your darkest, most personal secret.
6. Focus on the emotion of fear, and that which evokes it - concepts such as abandonment, loneliness, conformity, death
7. Again, there is a conceptual problem. Once you succeed, it is no longer familiar. This problem exists because a successful photograph is an object of it's own, and not just a cheap facsimile of the subject. In other words, a photograph of a familiar subject made unfamiliar will always be unfamiliar - this especially true in this sense because the image bears no resemblance of the subject. Consider the process of becoming unfamiliar, rather than just obstructing the viewer from the consensual way of seeing the subject. Your teacher is going to be getting lots of macros and blurry pictures of otherwise recognizable subjects. Consider documenting decomposing flowers or fruit, objects set afire until rendered to ash, water damage, etc.
8. Consider documenting something outside your comfort level, maybe a family from another culture or a community that differs considerably from your own, try to really capture daily life in this "alien" world.
ETA: Don't worry about "not doing the assignment right" - doing the assignment "right" will result in stale, old, unimpressive results. I'm not saying to go off in the willy-wads and just do whatever you want, but I think it's important to push the criteria a little beyond what is immediately obvious.