Those screw on filters are usually crap and introduce all sorts of optical problems. I´d go with extension tubes. They don´t change the quality of your lens. They do reduce the depth of focus, however (but so does every other option that helps you get a bigger reproduction scale). Your corals hardly move (except for soft coral I guess) and you have all the time in the world to easily set your focus manually and get really really close. The longer the tube, the closer you can get with your camera to the coral. To the extent that you block the light with your camera (or have to dive into the tank

).
When you decide to buy a new lens, you need to look at these two specifications:
Minimum Focus Distance
e.g.: 0.92 ft (0.28 m)
tells you the closes distance (from sensor to your subject) your camera can focus. That´s why this symbol "∅" is shown on top of your camera - that´s the location of the sensor.
Maximum Magnification Ratio (x)
e.g.: 1.0x or 0.5x or with very special lenses 5.0x
tells you how large the subject will be displayed on the sensor.
If the subject is 2cm in size, it will be projected onto your sensor as 2cm. That would be a magnification ratio of 1.0x.
If the subject is 2cm in size, and it will be projected onto your sensor as 1cm, it would be a magnification ratio of 0.5x
Don´t mix that with the size of the subject on your image, because that is way bigger. A subject with a size of 2cm that is projected onto your sensor with 1.0x magnification ratio will almost cover your complete image.
These specs tell you that you get the listed magnification ratio at the minimum focus distance. The further you get away, the smaller your ratio will be.