Just from the limited test I've done, dust on/in the lens doesn't really show up in the image unless it's really bad, or a layer of it will throw off your focus.
I do know that dust spots on the sensor show up better against a light blue sky type background than white for some reason. Maybe that's just with my camera though? So I would guess the same would go with dust or imperfections on the lens. If you really want to test out the lens I would go with white, red, yellow, and blue paper or cloth.
I don't blame you for being nervous. At least in my area the prices of used are just a little less than that of new equipment, so when I run across a good deal I want to REALLY test it out to make sure the seller isn't trying to hide anything.