The first image shows binoculars (I think) centered in the image. By placing them there, you are telling us that this is what is important. You’ve reinforced that message by making them the sharpest part of theimage as well.
But is that what you want to convey? One way to create a visual story is to have the binoculars a bit to the left, “looking” at the scene at the middle or on the right. By moving yourself over a bit to the right, you would have had the binoculars “looking” at the container ship and the other ships in the water. If that was the story, then having both the binoculars in the foreground and the ships in the background in sharp focus becomes important, and this is controlled by having a small aperture like f/16 or f/22. However, now everything else is in sharp detail as well, and you need to move around a bit to find a vantage point where the amount of distraction is minimized.
The image of your friend is interesting. By placing the face in the center (even though we can’t see the eyes), we are directed there first. Then our eyes get pulled by the dark block which are the shoes. After this, they are pulled to the bright spot, which is the whiteboard above your friend’s head. To make this image work, I’d have placed your friend’s head at the upper right power point, and the feet at the lower left power point. That would also have worked to move the whiteboard partly out of the frame, and away from our attention. It would also have created a dynamic visual image with the eye moving back and forth between the two powerpoints.
Keep shooting. Your photographic journey is quite fascinating. :thumbup: