Here is a little memory device I have just come up with for you Joel. BTW, Joel and I spoke by telephone yesterday, and I have agreed to mentor him via PM, and via a photography instruction book we will have in common. As far as how to shift, or "compensate" exposure to get black or white subjects to render properly, and not as a middle-gray value, remember this simple rhyme:
Meter,meter, why do you lead me astray?
Why do not my pictures turn out the right way?
Oh, the fault is mine, for I forgot:
If you want it white, you must add more light!
And if you want it black, you need to dial it back