In simple terms, you can't.
correct.
there's multiple things to this including
1. our brain forces our eyes to focus only on what we're focusing on within a narrow plane. a camera can focus on everything it can see.
2. we have a round frame of view since our eyes are round , cameras go to a square surface and as such work in squares
3. we have an infinitely adjustable light setting within limits. cameras work in discrete amounts of light in nearly all cases
4. even the general rule of 50mm is our field of view is wrong. we can stand in one place and see nearly 180 degrees at once. really, put your hands next to you on both sides of your head, you can see almost directly to your side. it's just not all in focus. few cameras can see that much at once in all directions.
5. color and tone. we can see more colors than we know how to recreate, or we can be partially color blind and not be able to see colors the camera can capture. cameras can also work in color and light systems we can't see without a camera (like IR)
6. range. learn the basics of for HDR for more
7. movement. cameras capture a single frame, our eyes can keep focus on an object in movement without needing to know it's moving. our eyes are really more like a video camera
8. cameras are color light sensitive or tone light sensitive (think film). our eyes are both at the exact same time (rods and cones)