Wow. All this brainy stuff is giving me a headache! Along simpler lines, I'd say the megapixel size you need depends upon what you're doing.
As a portrait photographer, I used to use medium format film. Yet I always had to slide a little mesh diffuser down into my bell-o-shade to soften up facial features; unflattering details that stood out loudly on medium format film. But when I went to digital (6 megs originally), I didn't need to diffuse anymore!
Nevertheless, since eyes and teeth in larger family groupings would interpolate nearby colors making them flesh toned and wrong, I knew I eventually needed higher megs. Finally I got 10 megs and while there's less interpolation in smaller areas, now I'm noticing unflattering facial details are standing out again... Therefore the higher quality image can be a double-edged sword depending upon one's use. I spend more time retouching...
I think I may be set to stay with 10 megs as it suits my need for most portrait applications. Contrary to the statistical figures, I've found that I can easily print up to 20x24 wall portraits that look just as good as film did, even better, because I always shoot with a tripod. And with a little lab art for eyes I can go 24x30 with great results.
Sure, if my clientele consisted of customers wanting bigger images, I suppose I'd dare move up to 12 megs or higher, but since that's not the case, I'm set.