Learn about light, exposure, composition... well, all the basics.

The camera is just a tool.
These pics are typical P&S.
#1 - bad composition
#2 - again composition.. Would be better if you centered the shot.
#3 - too grainy because of high ISO. Yes, better came would give you better result, however, you are the photographer and it is YOUR job to know your cameras limits.
#4 - no subject
#5 - would be better if you had whole ship in frame (with boat mast, I hope that is the right word)
#6 - maybe it's just me, but it doesn't do anything for me
#7 - same as #6
#8 - underexposed. BUT, I'm glad you kept horizon level. This pic could be nice after some PP.
#9 - washed out picture with some spots all over the lens? Probably lens flare.
#10 - not really interesting that much. However, this photo could benefit from some PP as well adding drama.