Perhaps the biggest issue in my mind at using a camera for high resolution copying is to make absolutely sure that the document is flat and that the sensor is exactly parallel with the document. I'd probably find some kind of easel with a flat-surface with a temporary holding-method to hold each document in place. Then with the camera mounted on a tripod to keep the sensor parallel for each shot rather than 'hoping' the camera is held correctly each time.
As for lighting, if you don't have, perhaps, 2 off-camera flashes available (one on each side of the camera), then, if possible, arrange the easel with document on it to get the most light in that room. But the camera still has to be parallel to the document. If there's a large window that floods the room with sunlight, use that for lighting and have your back to the window. That should still get a uniform level of lighting on the document.
As for capturing the smallest details, the tendency would be do get 'close up', perhaps 12-39" (.3-1m) away. My concern is that at those distances, you and the camera might be blocking too much light from hitting the documents. If space permits, I'd like to be about 6-10 feet (2-3m) away, and use a prime lens or high quality zoom lens to get the details. Also, as very few lenses are at their sharpest when wide open, I would use at least 1 full stop smaller an aperture to ensure more sharp results. For what it's worth, I used an EF 24-105 f4L from 10 feet away to take a picture of my boss holding a printed document and the typing on the document is easily readable.