Well not really. With PS you get the ability to edit with layers/blending/masks/etc, and that is where you really dig into a photo.
With LR you should work from the top to bottom, and I would suggest avoiding the saturation and vibrance section. If you want to enhance the colors skip down to HSL and adjust the colors there individually, along with the luminance.
If you are going for a more contrast driven, kind of HDR feel, colorful photo; then you can adjust your tone curve setting to mid or high contrast instead of linear, and go from there.
Maybe something like this:
Done in LR4 beta
http://dominantly.smugmug.com/photos/i-CZCNBhh/0/L/i-CZCNBhh-L.jpg