There is no good FX lens within your budget.
I beg to differ.
The excellent Nikkor 35-70 f2.8D can be had within that budget.
The very good Nikkor 28-70 f3.5/4.5D is in that budget.
Older Nikkor 80-200 f2.8D can be found easily.
Nikkor 300mm f4.0D is available.
These are all very good lenses.
Many excellent manual focus primes are available for very reasonable prices.
Kiron sold some very good manual focus lenses.
Samyang offers some excellent choices.
Nikkor 50 mm f1.8D and 85 mm f1.8D are good choices.
The D700 will meter with a large number of old and new lenses. The big viewfinder makes manual focus fairly easy.